Oil-burner.



PATENTED' DEC. 22, 1903. I F. W. JABGER. OIL BURNER. APPLICATION FILED110125.182.

H0 IODEL.

0 wAsnmuYoN n c UNITED STATES Patented December 22, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

OIL BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming partof Letters Patent No, 747,434, dated December22, 1903.

Application filed November 25, 1902. Serial No. 132,809. (No model.)

burner of that class in which oil-gas is gen erated and mixed with acertain amount or percentage of air and adapted to burn a low grade ofrefined oil, ordinarily known asa distillate oiland of a low gravity, orany ordinary petroleum-oil generating an oilgas which will burn with anintense heat and a clear flame. The burner is easily attached to anytype of stove, range, furnace, boiler, or wherever Wood or coal is'usedfor heating and cooking. In disposing the improved device in a stove,range, or other heating means it is placed in an upright position in thefirebox or combustion-chamber after removing the grate and replacing thelatter with a draftplate having a central opening therein over which theimproved burner is held.

The improved burner meets all the requirements for liberating hydrogengas from on by bringing the latter as an entirety into direct contactwith the hot surface of a hermetically-sealed retort or vaporizing-dome.The flame when the burner is in operation is circular in form andlocated at the lower end of the burner, and the function of thedraftplate is to supply the oxygen and permit it to be absorbed by thehydrogen of the oil and produce an intense heating-flame. The air andgas can be proportionately supplied to each other at will, and thesupply of oil .is under the control of a needle-valve to raise and lowerthe flame by the regulation of the flow of oil, and thereby maintain a'steady uniform heat at any temperature desired.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section of the burneron an enlarged scale. Fig. 2 is a top plan view'of the lower portion ofthe burner with the vaporizing dome or retortremoved. v.

Similar numerals of reference are employed to indicate correspondingparts in both views.

ing through the center thereof.

, The numeral 1 designatesa draft-plate constructed of. suitable metaland of such dimensions as to accurately fit within a fire-box orcombustion chamber of a stove, range, or other analogous device andhaving an open- The complete vaporizingburner is held at a suitableelevation above the plate 1 by means of an oil-feeding pipe 3, whichpasses down centrally through the plate and outwardly from I the stove,furnace, range, or other device at any suitable point and connects withan oilsupply tank at a convenient location. At a suitable point withinthe oil-supply pipe, ex-

teriorly of the range, stove, or other heating device, is a needle-valveof usual construction, which is operated to control theflow of oilthrough the said supply-pipe. The supply-pipe 3 extends upwardly asuitable distance and connects with an interiorly-screwthreaded collar4;, depending from the lower extremityof a gas-supply chamber 5, forminga part of a vaporizing chamber 6 of shell-like form. The bottom of thechamber 5 is formed with a series of gas-outlet openings 7, and risingfrom the collar 4 and extending centrally through the chambers5 and 6 isan oil-feeding pipe 8, having a distributer or spreader 9 secured on theupper end" thereof and comprising a series of radial arms 10 withgrooves or gutters 11 in the upper sides thereof, communicating at theirinner terminals with a central recess 12. The

arms 10 have their upper surfaces inclined downwardly toward their outerends, and the upper, end of the oil-feeding pipe 8 is completely openedto the recess 12. The feedingpipe Sis wrapped with an asbestos wick orstrip 13 to serve as a means for starting the packing-seat for thereception of an asbestos ring 15, and at diametrically opposite pointsears 16 project outwardly from the upper edge of said chamber and. areapertured to receive connecting devices. Disposed over the upper openend of the chamber 6 is a retort or vaporizing-dome 17 of invertedconical form and formed with a lower depending rib 18, extendingentirely therearound, of the same width as and adapted to be firmlypressed against the packing-ring to establish a tight joint between themixing-chamber and the retort or dome. The retort or dome also hasdiametrically disposed apertured ears 19, and t-herethrongh and throughthe ears l6 connecting-bolts 20 are inserted and hold thevaporizing-chamber and the re tort or dome in immovable joined relation.

I The arms 10 of the distributer or spreader are of less diametricalextent than the interior of the vaporizing-chamber and the retort ordome, and said distributer or spreader is held at such elevation as tobe in operative proximity to the inner surface of the retort or dome. Torender the mixing-chamber 6 more eifective in its operation, it iscircumferentially corrugated, as at 21, to form a series of troughs orgutters to receive the oil and retard its downward flow tosuch an extentas to insure a rapid preliminary vaporization, particularly in startingthe burner.

In starting the burner the needle-valve in the supply-pipe is opened topermit a small.

quantity of oil to flow outwardly over the arms 10 of the distributer orspreader, it being understood that the oil-supply tank will be locatedat such an elevation that the oil in seeking a level corresponding tothat in the tank will flow over the arms of the distributer or spreaderin the manner stated. The needle-valve is then closed, and the oil fromthe arms passes down to the under side of the distributer or spreaderand is absorbed or flows over the asbestos surrounding the oil-feedingpipe 13. A torch or other igniting medium is then applied close to thebottom of the chamber 5 to ignite the oil on the asbestos 13 through theopenings 7 and that which remains in the gutters 11 of the arms 10. Thecombustion of this initial supply of oil thoroughly heats the entireburner and places it in a condition for rapid vaporization, and after acertain length of time the needlevalve is again opened and the oilpermitted to flow into theheated burner, where it is vaporized, and thegas passes down to the chamber 5 and out through the openings 7, Whereit absorbs the oxygen fed through the plate, and the mixture becomesignited and forms a circular white flame about the lower end of theburner. The combustion of the gas at the lower end of the burnerestablishes a suction which draws the air through the plate 1, and theliberated oxygen mixes with the hydrogen of the oil and sets up a flameof intense heating qualities. The heating capacity of the burner isregulated, as before indicated, by the amount of oil permitted to runinto the burner, and as the latter is practically closed thoroughvaporization and combustion of the oil will ensue and an intense heatwill be regulated.

It will be understood that the proportions and dimensions of the severalparts of the burner may be varied at will to accommodate difierentapplications, and it is proposed to use metal in the construction of theseveral members which are affected by the intense heat of such degree ofhardness as to render the same virtually refractory, and thereby prolongthe practical use of the improved device.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is- 1. In aheating device of the class set forth, a draft-plate with a singleopening through the center thereof, a. closed vaporizing-burnersupported above the draft-plate and having a connection with anoil-supply and a gaschamber with bottom outlets, the connection with theoil-supply passing upwardly through the chamber and said outlets formingthe sole means of escape of the gas from the heating device, an oil-distributer held within the burner at an elevation above thegas-chamber and to which the oil directly feeds, said distributer beingprovided with radial arms havin g grooves extending longitudinallythereof, and an asbestos Wrapping around said means for supporting theoil-distributer, a space being formed between the outer surface of theasbestos wrapping and the adjacent wall of the burner of the heatingdevice whereby the vaporized oil or gas is permitted to flow downwardlytoward and out through the bottom outlets of the gas-chamber.

2. A heating device of the class set forth, comprising a hollow closedvaporizing-burner with lower gas-outlet openings, the latter forming thesole communicating means to the exterior of the burner, an oil-feedingpipe extending upwardly into the interior of the burner and having anasbestos wrapping thereon, a distributer held on the upper extremity ofthe feeding-pipe and having radial arms over which the oil flows to thewrapping on the pipe holding said distributer, the said arms beingregularly spaced apart and having a combined diameter less than theinterior diameter of the portion of the burner where they arepositioned, and means for supplying oil to the burner.

3. A heating device of the class set forth, comprising a draft-plateforarrangement over a grate and havinga central opening therein,ashell-like vaporizing-chamber formed with a series of circumferentialcorrugations and having a depending gas-chamber with outletopenings inthe bottom thereof, directly over the opening in thedraft-plate andforming the sole means of communication with the exterior having aseries of radial arms, and means for space around the burner, a domesecurely supplying oil to the burner. 1o fastened and forming a tightjoint with the In testimony whereof I affix my signature upper edge ofthe vaporizing-chamber, therein presence of two Witnesses.

by providing a closed vaporizing-burner, an FREDERICK WILLIAM JAEGER.oil-feeding pipe extending upwardly through the gas and mixing chambers,an oil-distributer held on the upper end of said pipe and Witnesses:

HOWARD D. ADAMS, WILLIAM P. BOEKMILLER.

